Shl Šlifavimo Ląstelė pirkti naudotą (4 160)

Būklė: naudotas, Gamybos metai: 2001, mašinos/transporto priemonės numeris: 001048, This machine is equipped with a new Siemens PLC and touch panel. Technical data: Hjdjxtakmepfx Admsnk - Manufacturer: Unisanding - Model: 2.2.0. 0-30 - Working width: 1300 mm - Year of manufacture: 2001, Retrofit 2025 - 2 rollers, flexibly adjustable from 0–30°, working from above - Flex-Trim special brushes - Vacuum conveyor belt with vacuum motor - With glass panel on the operator side - Sanding motors: 2 units, 2.2 kW each, with thermal protection - Feed motor: 1 unit, 1.5 kW, with thermal protection - Vacuum motor: 1 unit, 5.5 kW - Height adjustment axis for rollers: 1 unit, 0.18 kW - Feed speed: 2–10 m/min, frequency controlled - Brush rotation speed: 50–350 rpm, frequency controlled - Voltage: 3 x 400 V, 50 Hz - Electrical connected load: 15 kW - Fuse: 63 A - Exhaust air volume (vacuum): 3,000 m³/h - Dust extraction volume: 5,000 m³/h (provided by customer) - Length: 2,170 mm - Width: 2,040 mm - Height: 2,030 mm - Weight with control cabinet: 2,220 kg - Colour: RAL 7035 light grey/black - Operator side: left/right - Brush change side: right - ATEX version: No - Location: in stock in Blomberg

Gamybos metai: 2016, būklė: naudotas, Serial no. 15-3599B, consisting essentially of: feed station with 2 product lanes, continuous cycle conveyor belt, 2 forming stations, turning station, micro-lubrication station, continuous washing system, manufacturer Bous, type Duwamat K1000 WSST, year 2016, serial no. 2800, 3 tanks, tank capacities: 485/485/715 l, heating power 16–24°C, fine filter, oil separator, control cabinets, system control with operator panel, manufacturer Siemens, type SIMATIC HMI touch, inspection system with 2 cameras, manufacturer KEYENCE, type Vision System, eddy current tester, manufacturer Rohmann, type Elotest IS500, laser marking system, manufacturer Videojet, type 7510, fiber laser, laser power 50 W, output station, roller conveyor system for crate discharge, 2 product lanes, satellite terminals, control cabinets, safety devices, Plexiglas enclosure, peripheral units, e.g., extraction system, manufacturer ESTA, type Whispersog 2.2 JET, union nut feeding with feed hopper, vibratory bowl feeder, separating device, insertion station, batch of trolleys, batch of load carriers, trolleys. Hnsdpfx Aey A Ih Usdmek Subject to prior sale.

Būklė: naudotas, Funkcionalumas: visiškai funkcionalus, Thanks to its powerful motor, the machine delivers consistent results even under heavy load – precise, clean, and reproducible. The stepless speed control enables optimal adjustment to the material and application, allowing even delicate surfaces to be processed in a controlled and uniform manner. Another highlight is the modular POLY-PTX system: With a variety of interchangeable tools, the machine can be flexibly adapted for a wide range of tasks – from decorative finishes to intensive pre- and post-processing. The ergonomic design, balanced weight distribution, and low-vibration operation ensure high user comfort, even during extended use. Robust construction and durability make this satin finishing machine an economical investment for workshops, metalworking, and industrial applications. Power supply: Mains-powered (corded) Compatible tools: Brushes, sleeves, polishing rings, wheels Plug type/Power connection: EU (C+F) 220 - 240 Volt ~ 50 - 60 Hz Power input: 1750 Watts Max. tool dimension: Diameter 115 x Width 100 mm Tool holder: 19 mm keyway shaft Speed (min-1): 1,000 - 3,800 Dimensions: 425 x 195 x 180 mm Hodpfxey Attij Admonk

Būklė: naudotas, Gamybos metai: 2009, Max. internal grinding diameter: 600 mm Max. external grinding diameter: 800 mm Control: Siemens Sinumerik 840 D Max. internal grinding depth: 800 mm Max. external grinding length: 600 mm Speed range – stepless: 1–795 rpm Max. workpiece length: 800 mm Workpiece spindle unit (U/B1/L adjustment): - Travel (U-axis): 300 mm - Swivel angle (B1-axis): -0.5°/+12° - Workpiece spindle drive power: 8.5 kW - Speed range (steplessly adjustable): 1–795 rpm - Setup speed (jogging): 10 rpm - Spindle nose size A 8 according to DIN 55026 - Through-hole diameter: 58.5 mm - Max. workpiece diameter: 830 mm - Max. workpiece length (chucked, unsupported): 800 mm - Max. workpiece length (between centres): 800 mm - Max. load capacity at spindle nose: 6,100 N Internal grinding attachment (Z1/X1/B2): - Travel (Z1-axis): 1,100 mm - Travel (X1-axis): 150 mm - Swivel angle (B2-axis): 270° - Manual longitudinal adjustment of internal grinding axis on table: 780 mm - Drive power of internal grinding spindles (steplessly adjustable) Belt-driven grinding spindles: 7.5 kW - Grinding head mounting bore (diameter): 100 mm / 125 mm - Grinding head mounting length: 220 mm - Max. grinding diameter: 600 mm - Max. grinding depth: 800 mm External and face grinding attachment (Z2/X2): Hnjdpfx Adswp S Tnomek - Travel (Z2-axis): 800 mm - Travel (X2-axis): 470 mm - Swivel angle (B2-axis): 270° - External grinding spindle drive power: 7.5 kW - Grinding head mounting bore: Ø 140 mm - Max. grinding diameter: 800 mm - Max. grinding length: 600 mm - Grinding wheel dimensions: max. Ø 450 x 50 x Ø 127 mm Equipment/Accessories: - Various grinding spindles - Various flanges / grinding wheel adapters - Various chuck jaws - Coolant system - Oil mist filter - Cooler - Technical documentation

Būklė: naudotas, Gamybos metai: 2001, Grinding length: 4200 mm Grinding width: 1300 mm Workpiece height: 550 mm Control system: Siemens 840D Passage width: 1300 mm Electromagnetic table: 4200 x 1300 mm Grinding height: 550 mm Grinding motor: 306 kW Grinding motor speeds: up to 370 rpm Grinding motor feed rate, infinitely variable: 0.5-35 m/min Coolant flow rate: 2000 l/min Machine weight: approx. 50 t Required space: approx. 11.21 x 5.25 x 3.85 m Equipment / Accessories: - Segment head - Diameter: 1400 mm Hedothumuepfx Admjnk - For segment dimensions: 120/106 x 41 x 250 mm - Number of segments: 1 set = 26 pcs - Grinding motor infeed - In steps: 0.002 - 1 mm - Continuous: up to 5 mm/min, steplessly adjustable

Būklė: naudotas, Gamybos metai: 1995, Plokščioji šlifavimo staklės Gamintojas: Jung Tipas: JA 500 CNC-C Pagaminimo metai: 1995 Atnaujinta: 2003 Šlifavimo ilgis: 500 mm Šlifavimo plotis: 200 mm Maks. ruošinio aukštis: 250 mm Stalo matmenys X/Y: 600 mm / 200 mm Hnedpfx Aowp E Rgjdmok Šlifavimo disko skersmuo: 225 mm Šlifavimo disko plotis: 25 mm Šlifavimo disko skylė: 51 mm Apsisukimų dažnis: 4 200 aps./min Staklių svoris: apie 2 500 kg

Būklė: naudotas, Gamybos metai: 1998, Plokščioji šlifavimo staklė Gamintojas: Geibel + Hotz Tipas: FS 40 AC Pagaminimo metai: 1998 Hedpfx Adjwcym Aomenk Stalo ilgis: 400 mm Stalo plotis: 200 mm Maksimalus ruošinio svoris ant stalo: 150 kg Šlifavimo disko skersmuo: 225 mm Šlifavimo disko plotis: 25 mm Šlifavimo disko skylė: 51 mm Staklių svoris apie: 1.050 kg Staklių matmenys (I x P x A): 1.800 x 1.200 x 2.250 mm

Būklė: paruoštas naudoti (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 1988, Horizontalus plokščias šlifavimo staklės Okamoto Tipas: PSG 63 – UAN Pagaminimo metai: 1988 Šlifavimo ilgis: 600 mm Šlifavimo plotis: 320 mm Didžiausias ruošinio aukštis: 500 mm Stalo judėjimas išilgai: 750 mm Stalo judėjimas skersai: 340 mm Šlifavimo disko skersmuo: 350 mm Šlifavimo disko plotis: 40 mm Veleno apsisukimai: 1500 aps./min Vertikalus greitas judėjimas: 400 mm/min Galia: 3,7 kW Automatinis padavimas Magnetinė plokštė Hnedpfx Adsy Alkajmsk Aušinimo sistema Svoris: 2500 kg Kaina: 2 000 Eur + PVM iš sandėlio

Būklė: beveik kaip naujas (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 2024, Felder kraštų šlifavimo staklės FS 700 K Osciliuojanti šlifavimo juosta Techniniai duomenys Matmenys [mm]: 1875 x 776 x 1437 Darbinis aukštis [mm]: 895 - 1024 Dažnis [Hz]: 50 Hedpfxoy Amv Rj Admenk Svoris [kg]: 295 Galia [kW]: 3 Posvyrio kampas [°]: 0-45 Šlifavimo juostos matmenys [mm]: 3000 x 200 Šlifavimo juostos greitis [m/s]: 19 Įtampa [V]: 3 x 400 Metai: 2024 Būklė: labai gera Kaina

Būklė: naudotas, Grinding length: 4000 mm Grinding width: 1450 mm Workpiece height: 1250 mm Control system: Siemens 840 D Workpiece weight: 11,000 kg Column clearance: 1460 mm Table clamping surface: 4000 x 1250 mm Table feed: 1 - 45 m/min Crossbeam adjustment: 1250 mm Total power requirement: 40 kW Space requirement approx. 12.3 x 6 x 4.8 m Equipment/Accessories: - 1 universal grinding support, 7.5 kW Grinding spindle swivel +/- 110° Peripheral grinding wheel dimensions Ø 500 x 60 mm Vertical adjustment 350 mm with dressing device - 1 peripheral grinding support, 22.5 kW Grinding wheel dimensions Ø 600 x 100 mm Vertical adjustment 150 mm with dressing device - With 6 magnetic chucks fitted on the table - Separate clamping table - Various grinding wheel adapters Hnsdoy A Tacopfx Admek - Technical documentation

Būklė: naudotas, The Herbold fine mill PU 500 is suitable for fine grinding plastics as well as soft to medium-hard materials. Drive power: 55 kW Grinding disc diameter: 500 mm Hnedpfx Asy At Hiedmek Throughput: approx. 200–800 kg/h depending on material and fineness

Būklė: geras (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 2001, Funkcionalumas: visiškai funkcionalus, Technical Details Grinding length: 4200 mm Grinding width: 1300 mm Workpiece height: 550 mm Control system: SIEMENS 840 D Magnetic chuck: 4200 x 1300 mm Segment head diameter: 1400 mm Grinding motor speeds up to: 320 rpm Grinding motor power: 306 kW Machine weight approx.: 50.0 t Space requirement approx.: m Additional information Segment dimensions: 120/106 x 41 x 250 mm Number of segments: 1 set = 26 pieces Grinding motor feed rate: 0.5 - 35 m/min, infinitely variable Grinding motor infeed: - in steps: 0.002 - 1 mm continuous: up to 5 mm/min, infinitely variable Equipment: * CNC control SIEMENS Sinumerik 840 D * Automatic hydraulic swiveling of the grinding motor from hollow to cross grind * NC-controlled adjustment of the Marposs measuring head via precision support - new grinding parameters can be entered into the control system, causing the grinding head to automatically adjust to the corresponding height * Dressing device with adjustable axis in the machine bed * Coolant system * Electro-magnetic table * Electrical cabinet * Oil mist extraction * Documentation Dimensions (L x W x H) Bed: 11800 x 2200 x 1400 mm, weight 27,500 kg Grinding head: 3000 x 2500 x 3100 mm, weight approx. 14 t (estimated) Hedpfx Ajy Avdqedmsnk 2 x extraction units: each 1200 x 800 x 2000 mm Control panel: 1200 x 800 x 400 mm Small electrical cabinet: 1400 x 1400 x 800 mm 2 x gear units: each 1200 x 800 x 500 mm Electrical cabinet: 1600 x 800 x 2000 mm Electrical cabinet: 3400 x 600 x 2400 mm

Būklė: labai geros būklės (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 2019, Funkcionalumas: visiškai funkcionalus, Technical Details Grinding length: 600 mm Grinding width: 400 mm Workpiece height: 400 mm Total power requirement: kW Machine weight approx.: 4.5 t Space requirement approx.: 3592 x 3519 x 2203 mm Additional information Nearly new horizontal surface grinding machine Operating hours: CNC operation: 1,198 hours Machine operation: 1,117 hours Automatic operation: 509 hours Grinding operation: 228 hours Okamoto color touchscreen control Travel X-axis: 600 mm Travel Y-axis: 22.5 – 497 mm Travel Z-axis: 400 mm Speed range rpm: 1–2,800 (stepless) Rapid traverse mm/min: 4,000 Main drive kW: 7.5 Maximum table load in kg: 1,000 Accessories: - Electro-permanent magnetic chuck: 400 x 600 P13 mm, overall height 80 mm (manufacturer: Wagner) - 2 pcs. grinding wheel flanges - Table-mounted dresser - Automatic straight dresser, spindle head mounted Hjdpfjy Avbiex Admonk - Automatic compensation of wheel dressing amount - Automatic central lubrication - Ball screw drive on Y and Z axes with AC servomotor and measuring system - Coolant device with belt filter system

Būklė: geras (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 1995, Funkcionalumas: visiškai funkcionalus, Technical details Internal diameter: 800 mm Grinding depth: 500 mm Swing diameter: 850 mm Total power requirement: kW Machine weight approx.: 6.4 t Space requirement approx.: m Additional information Used internal cylindrical grinding machine with face grinding attachment Special version with enlarged swing diameter and extended hydraulic cross-slide Reconditioned and modernized in 1995 at the manufacturer’s plant in Glauchau, Commissioned in 1996 1. TECHNICAL DATA 1.1 Working range Grinding diameter in workpiece guard: Internal grinding, min./max.: 30/630 (800) mm External grinding, max.: 800 mm Grinding depth, up to approx. 500 mm Table travel: 800 mm Workpiece diameter, max.: 800 mm Swing diameter: In workpiece guard, max.: 800 mm Without workpiece guard, approx.: 850 mm Distance from workpiece spindle head to grinding spindle carrier, max.: 1225 mm Adjustment of internal grinding attachment on the table, max.: 545 mm 1.2 Workpiece spindle stock Cross-travel, max.: 650 mm Cross adjustment via gear motor and positioning unit with HEIDENHAIN digital position indicator Swivel, max.: 15 degrees Workpiece spindle Speeds: 16/22/32/45/63/90/125/180/250 rpm Hedpfx Adoy Au R Aomonk Load capacity, max.: 1000 Spindle head (with bayonet flange) DIN 55021 size 11 Equipment and accessories: - 2-axis digital readout, make: HEIDENHAIN - Coolant system with magnetic separator - Leveling elements (machine feet) - Various grinding wheels - Diamond dresser - Large faceplate - Internal and face grinding attachment - Halogen machine lamp - Machine documentation

Būklė: geras (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 1992, Funkcionalumas: visiškai funkcionalus, Techninės detalės Rūpinio skersmuo: 1000 mm Rūpinio svoris: - kg Rūpinio aukštis: - mm Valdymas: Šlifavimo veleno variklis: 11 kW Bendras energijos poreikis: 25 kW Staklių svoris apie: 6500 kg Reikalinga vieta apie: 4100 x 3200 x 2600 mm Papildoma informacija Staklės iš uždarytos gamyklos Įranga: 500 litrų aušinimo įrenginys su popieriniu juostos filtru 4 šlifavimo diskai (3 nenaudoti) Techniniai duomenys: Hnodey Auq Nspfx Admok Apvalaus stalo skersmuo: 800 mm Maks. atstumas nuo apvalaus stalo iki šlifavimo veleno centro: 850 mm Šlifavimo disko skersmuo: 400 mm Šlifavimo disko plotis: 80 mm

Būklė: geras (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 1992, Single Piece Wood Sander Sanding top & bottom Electric height adjustment with digital display Continuously adjustable feed speed Star-delta start-up Pneumatic belt tensioning Main switch Sanding belt oscillation Top and bottom finishing brush unit, manual height adjustment Working width: 190 mm Working height: 4 - 150 mm Min. workpiece length: approx. 280 mm Sanding belt dimensions (L x W): 1850 x 200 mm Feed speed: 5 - 25 m/min Installed power: approx. 14 kW Extraction diameter: 2 x 180 mm Dimensions (L x W x H): 2000 x 1000 x 2050 mm Weight: approx. 1800 kg Incl. infeed & outfeed roller conveyor, L = 1600 mm, non-driven Note on used machines: Hnjdewyda Uspfx Admok • Technical details and prior sale subject to change. • Stated prices are ex works (location) - loaded free of charge! • Machines have been cleaned and function-tested. • All machines are sold as seen without any warranty. Buyers are welcome to inspect the machines at the location. • Special agreements are only valid in written form. (Enquiries will only be answered if you provide your address and telephone number!)

Būklė: naujas, Funkcionalumas: visiškai funkcionalus, šlifavimo ilgis: 510 mm, šlifavimo plotis: 250 mm, Reduced slip-stick effect thanks to plastic-coated X and Y axis guides Longitudinal table guide is flat, while cross table guide is triangular Radial and axial forces are evenly distributed on special zero-play bearings in the grinding spindle headstock Separate hydraulic unit with heat exchanger prevents vibrations and overheating High stability due to ribbing and dimensioned walls Digital control of automatic vertical feed with servomotor Hydraulic system ensures smooth table movement, even under heavy load Rapid approach to workpiece height, automatic elevation after program completion Hnjdpfx Adsyt Hzmomsk Adjustable longitudinal and vertical table feed with end stops PLC models equipped with SIEMENS PLC controllers with touch screen Technical specification Table clamping surface—width: 510 mm Table clamping surface—depth: 250 mm T-slots (number / width): 1 / 14 mm Electromagnetic table size: 250 x 500 mm Longitudinal travel (X): 560 mm Cross travel (Y): 275 mm Max. spindle axis distance from table: 450 mm Max. table load: 180 kg Grinding wheel size: 200 x 20 x 31.75 mm Table feed speed—hydraulic: 5–25 m/min Grinding spindle speed: 2850 rpm Grinding spindle motor power: 2.2 kW Hydraulic pump motor power: 0.75 kW Vertical feed motor power: 0.5 kW Total motor power: 3.45 kW Voltage: 400 V Dimensions—width: 1900 mm Dimensions—depth: 2050 mm Dimensions—height: 1840 mm Approximate weight: 1750 kg Cross feed (Y) Cross feed, automatic: 0.5–8 mm/stroke Cross feed, rapid: 990 mm/min Cross feed per handwheel revolution: 4 mm/rev Handwheel division (Y): 0.02 mm Vertical feed (Z) Vertical feed, automatic: 0.005 / 0.01 / 0.02 / 0.03 / 0.04 / 0.05 mm/stroke Vertical feed, rapid: 480 mm/min Vertical feed per handwheel revolution: 2 mm Handwheel division (Z): 0.005 mm

Būklė: naudotas, Gamybos metai: 2004, 10 velenų įrenginys. Prijungimo galia: 380/400V/50Hz, 34 kW. Stiklo storis: 3-60 mm. Hnjdpfx Adowynzcomok

Gamybos metai: 2021, būklė: naudotas, Funkcionalumas: visiškai funkcionalus, Janser juostinis šlifuoklis LEOPARD — pagaminimo metai 2021 Naudotas iš profesionalaus Kurt König Baumaschinen GmbH, Einbeck nuomos parko. Hsdoy A E S Depfx Admonk Būklė ir pastabos: - Būklė: naudotas nuomai, reguliariai prižiūrėtas - Veikimas: pilnai veikiantis - Produktų nuotraukos netrukus — dėl dabartinių nuotraukų kreipkitės - Apžiūra galima adresu 37574 Einbeck pagal susitarimą Kaina 2.300 EUR + PVM | EXW Einbeck | Pristatymas pagal užklausą

Būklė: beveik kaip naujas (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 2023, Felder FST 160 šlifavimo stalas Techniniai duomenys Matmenys [mm]: 1660 x 1020 Darbinis aukštis [mm]: 726–1026 Hnedpfx Ajy Agp Djdmek Ištraukimo jungties skersmuo [mm]: 140 Pagaminimo metai: 2023 Kaina: 1100.-

Būklė: naudotas, Šlifavimo aukštis – 150 mm Kilimo plotis – 390 mm Šlifavimo juostos plotis – 400 mm Hnjdpfxsyz Dfao Admjk Variklis: nurodytinas Vienetinių medžio detalių šlifavimo staklės KED, tipas XXIII II4, skirtos masyvo vienetų ir mažesnių ruošinių šlifavimui bei kalibravimui. Staklės tinka tiksliems šlifavimo darbams dailidžių dirbtuvėse ir baldų gamyboje, užtikrina tolygų paviršiaus apdirbimą. Dėl tvirtos konstrukcijos įranga skirta nuolatiniam naudojimui medienos apdirbimo srityje.

Būklė: labai geros būklės (naudotas), Gamybos metai: 2023, Parduodama JET cilindrinė šlifavimo mašina 2244 su 1,8 AG varikliu ir maksimalia šlifavimo plotme 560 mm. Įrenginys labai geros būklės, patikrintas ir paruoštas mūsų serviso komandos. Hnodpfx Asyzqtqjdmsk

Gamybos metai: 2022, būklė: naudotas, mašinos/transporto priemonės numeris: EC2101, Šlifavimo zona (x/y): 900/460 mm, svoris: 4 300 kg, su šlifavimo dulkių nutraukimu, DELTA valdymas, 1 dviejų durų/2 eilių darbo stalas, 1 plieninė lentyna, su priedais, !!!Atsiėmimas: 2026-06-01 ir 2026-06-02!!! Hnsdpoyztfiofx Admsk

Būklė: naudotas, Gamybos metai: 2023, valdiklio modelis: , Aprašymas: Techniniai duomenys: Apsisukimų dažnis (be žingsnių): 0–3.300 aps./min. Maks. krepšelio apkrova: 8 kg Hnsdpoyz Hr Nefx Admsk Įranga / priedai: Detalių valymas: Denios plovimo vonia Kita įranga: įvairios darbo priemonės

Būklė: naujas, Condition: New Delivery time: approx. 6 months from order Country of origin: Taiwan Price: €84,310 Leasing rate: €1,593.46 Grinding length: 460 mm Distance spindle to table: 395 mm Table: 460 x 200 mm Magnetic chuck: 450 x 200 mm Table speed: 0 – 20 m/min Cross feed: 0 – 3,000 mm/min Hjdeynnc Iepfx Admenk Incremental cross feed: 0.001 mm Max. cross feed: 220 mm Automatic vertical feed: 290 mm Vertical feed: 0 – 3,000 mm/min Incremental vertical feed: 0.001 mm Spindle speed: 1,000 – 7,000 rpm Spindle motor: 3 kW Length: 2,280 mm Width: 2,205 mm Height: 2,020 mm Weight: 1,500 kg Table height: 1,060 mm Max. workpiece weight on magnetic chuck: 175 kg Max. workpiece weight on clamping table: 210 kg Grinding wheel dimensions: Ø 205 x 12.7 x 31.75 mm Servo feed motors Y/Z: 1.1 kW Servo feed motor X: 2.4 kW Positioning accuracy: 0.004 mm Repeatability: 0.003 mm Smart i Control with 10.4" touchscreen on swiveling panel, with electronic wired handwheel - RS232, USB I/O interface - SMART Grind Cam (DXF transfer to C-code) - PC-based control with graphical dialog programming or G-code programming Infinitely variable speed Surface grinding cycle, cross grinding cycle, plunge grinding cycle, multiple groove grinding cycle, contour grinding cycle, dressing cycle Spindle with 4 angular contact ball bearings (P4, Class 7) Longitudinal guides with double V design, Turcite-B coated All 3 axes equipped with precision ball screws (Class C2) and AC servo motors Full enclosure with lighting Electromagnetic chuck Coolant system with automatic paper filter and magnetic separator Automatic dresser mounted on table, with automatic compensation * Grinding wheel Grinding wheel flange Grinding wheel balancing device Machine and equipment compliant with CE regulations Operating manual in GERMAN or ENGLISH * The exact configuration of the dressing device must be clarified before ordering.